The anatomical variation to be considered in upper extremity blocks: Double Axillary Vein

Upper Extremity Nerve Blocks

Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis.

Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is an increasingly important clinical entity with potential for considerable morbidity. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is present in up to one third of patients with UEDVT.1 Other complications, such as persistent upper-extremity pain and swelling, the superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome, and loss of vascular access, can be disabling and devastating.2 Althoug...

upper extremity axillary loop grafts: an opportunity in hemodialysis access

background dialysis vascular access complications are considered as significant causes of morbidity in chronic hemodialysis patients. objectives the aim of the present study was a comparison of axillary loop and straight grafts patency and its complications in hemodialysis access. patients and methods in this cohort study conducted at shahid beheshti medical university, 77 patients who underwen...

Upper Extremity Axillary Loop Grafts: An Opportunity in Hemodialysis Access

BACKGROUND Dialysis vascular access complications are considered as significant causes of morbidity in chronic hemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was a comparison of axillary loop and straight grafts patency and its complications in hemodialysis access. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this cohort study conducted at Shahid Beheshti Medical University, 77 patients who unde...

Suspected Upper-extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis

Upper-extremity venous thrombosis often presents as unilateral arm swelling. The differential diagnosis includes lesions compressing the veins and causing a functional venous obstruction, venous stenosis, an infection causing edema, obstruction of previously functioning lymphatics, or the absence of sufficient lymphatic channels to ensure effective drainage. The following recommendations are ma...